Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007geoji.170.1195l&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Journal International, Volume 170, Issue 19, pp. 1195-1209.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
13
Earthquakes, Richter Magnitude, Seismic Moment, Seismograms, Tsunami, Waveform Analysis
Scientific paper
We introduce a rapid and robust, energy-duration procedure, based on the Haskell, extended-source model, to obtain an earthquake moment and a moment magnitude, MED. Using seismograms at teleseismic distances (30°-90°), this procedure combines radiated seismic energy measures on the P to S interval of broadband signals and source duration measures on high-frequency, P-wave signals. The MED energy-duration magnitude is scaled to correspond to the Global Centroid-Moment Tensor (CMT) moment-magnitude, MCMTw, and can be calculated within about 20 min or less after origin time (OT). The measured energy and duration values also provide the energy-to-moment ratio, Θ, used for identification of tsunami earthquakes. The MED magnitudes for a set of recent, large earthquakes match closely MCMTw, even for the largest, great earthquakes; these results imply that the MED measure is accurate and does not saturate. After the 2004 December 26 Sumatra-Andaman mega-thrust earthquake, magnitude estimates available within 1 hr of OT ranged from M = 8.0 to 8.5, the CMT magnitude, available about 3 hr after OT, was MCMTw = 9.0, and, several months after the event, Mw = 9.1-9.3 was obtained from analysis of the earth normal modes. The energy-duration magnitude for this event is MED = 9.2, a measure that is potentially available within 20 min after OT. After the 2006 July 17, Java earthquake, the magnitude was evaluated at M = 7.2 at 17 min after OT, the CMT magnitude, available about 1 hr after OT, was MCMTw = 7.7; the energy-duration results for this event give MED = 7.8, with a very long source duration of about 160 s, and a very low Θ value, indicating a possible tsunami earthquake.
Lomax Anthony
Michelini Alberto
Piatanesi Alessio
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