An automated alert response system to capture gamma-ray burst afterglows in optical range

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Gamma Ray Bursts-GRBs are brief flashes of cosmic gamma rays, first detected in 1967. Their cosmological origin was suggested by their isotropic sky distribution, demonstrated in the early 1990s. The definite proof of their extragalactic nature came from the discovery of their rapidly fading afterglows at X-ray, optical, and radio wavelengths in 1997, thanks to the alerts of BeppoSAX satellite [Kaper et al, 2002, ESO MESSENGER]. However, since GRBs last only briefly and occur at random points on the sky, finding the sources exact locations is a challenge. That's why catching the extremely faint and short-lived optical afterglows left by a few GRBs after the burst is important in determining their precise positions and luminosities. The recent astronomical community's interest in studing GRBs stimulated the creation of the Gamma Ray Burst Coordinates Network, employing NASA's High Energy Transient Explorer satellite(HETE-2) which, as soon as detects a burst, send out an alert world-wide describing its position. This work proposes an implementation of an automated GRB alert response system in which a remote observatory(OAA, housing a 42cm Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope, CCD and accessories) receives the alerts directly from the Internet and inserts it with high priority in the scope's observing queue, automatically slewing it to the reported GRB's position, resseting its exposition, sensitivity and other observation parameters for proper astrometric and photometric capture of the afterglow. Both positive and negative results are logged, helping to evaluate the upper limit for ground-based optical observations.

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