An accelerated development, reduced cost approach to lunar/Mars exploration using a modular NTR-based space transportation system

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Interplanetary Spacecraft, Lunar Exploration, Mars Probes, Nuclear Rocket Engines, Space Exploration, Heavy Lift Launch Vehicles, Lunar Bases, Manned Mars Missions, Nuclear Engine For Rocket Vehicles, Space Transportation

Scientific paper

Benefits and rationale for developing a common, modular lunar/Mars space transporation system (STS) based on nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) are presented. The modular NTR is based on three key components including a 50 klbf NERVA-derived engine used in clusters of 2 or 3, two standardized tank sizes developed for the First Lunar Outpost and Mars cargo vehicle applications, and a preintegrated truss/propellant feed system used for transferring LH2 from the drop tanks into the 'in-line' tank. It is concluded that, by using these components in a 'building block' fashion, a variety of single and multi-engine lunar and Mars vehicles can be configured to satisfy particular mission requirements.

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