Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010agufm.p14c..02m&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010, abstract #P14C-02
Mathematics
Logic
[5410] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Composition, [5480] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Volcanism, [6205] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Asteroids, [6240] Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects / Meteorites And Tektites
Scientific paper
Introduction: Fractionation of moderately volatile lithophile elements including alkaline elements was an important process in the early solar system. Alkali-rich igneous fragments (K-rich fragments) were found in brecciated LL-chondrites. These fragments in Kraehenberg (LL5), Bhola (LL3-6), and Yamato (Y)-74442 (LL4) show fractionated alkaline element patterns; for example, abundances of alkaline elements in the Kraehenberg fragment are ~0.5 x CI for Na, ~12 x CI for K,~45 x CI for Rb, and ~70 x CI for Cs [1]. In order to understand moderately volatile element fractionations, we have undertaken mineralogical and petrological studies on K-rich fragments in Kraehenberg [1], Bhola [2], and Y-74442 [3, 4]. Results and Discussion: Kraehenberg, Bhola, and Y-74442 consist of mineral fragments, K-rich fragments, impact-melt clasts, chondrules, and matrix. K-rich fragments in these meteorites are composed of 10-100 µm-sized euhedral olivine (~60 vol.%) and groundmass of brown glasses (~40 vol.%, including microcrystalline pyroxene) which are highly enriched in alkaline elements. Dendritic pyroxene and chromite (~1 µm in size) along with troilite (~10 µm in size) are commonly observed in the groundmass. The textures are different from those of impact melt clasts in ordinary chondrites. Chemical compositions of olivine in the K-rich fragments fall within the compositional range of equilibrated LL-chondrites (Fa26-32 [5]). Groundmass glasses in the Kraehenberg, Bhola, and Y-74442 fragments are almost identical in composition when plotted on a Na+K+Al-oxides-Ca+Mg+Fe-oxides-SiO2 ternary diagram [1]. The fractionation trend is also observed in an angular igneous fragment in Siena (LL5) [6]. The lack of K isotopic fractionation effects in the K-rich clast in Kraehenberg [7] implies that the enrichment of (heavier) alkaline elements occurred near-equilibrium conditions. The K-rich fragments in Kraehenberg and Y-74442 could be early solar system materials (~4.56 Ga [8, 9]). Similarities in textures, compositions, and fractionation patterns of the K-rich fragments suggest that they might be formed from related precursor materials with related processes. Complementarity of K-rich fragments and differentiated body alkali abundance patterns suggests that the fractionation could have occurred in the early solar nebula. Refs: [1] Wlotzka F. et al. (1983) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 47, 743. [2] Noonan A.F. et al. (1978) Geol. Survey Open File Report 78-701, 311. [3] Yanai K. et al. (1978) Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Spec. Issue 8, 110. [4] Ikeda Y. and Takeda H. (1979) Mem. Natl. Inst. Polar Res. Spec. Issue 15, 123. [5] Dodd R.T. (1981) Meteorites pp. 368, Cambridge Univ. Press. [6] Fodor R.V. and Keil K. (1978) Catalog of lithic fragments in LL-chondrites, Inst. Meteoritics Spec. Publ. No. 19, pp. 38, Univ. New Mexico, Albuquerque. [7] Humayun M. and Clayton R.N. (1995) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 2131. [8] Kempe W. and Mueller O. (1969) Meteorite Res., pp. 418. [9] Nishiya N. et al. (1995) Okayama Univ. Earth Sci. Rep. 2, 91.
Misawa Kazuhiko
Okano Osamu
Yokoyama Tadashi
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