Adiabatic Demagnetisation Refrigerators for Future Sub-Millimetre Space Missions

Details Adiabatic Demagnetisation Refrigerators for Future Sub-Millimetre Space Missions Adiabatic Demagnetisation Refrigerators for Future Sub-Millimetre Space Missions

Oct 1995

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995ssrv...74..215h&link_type=abstract

Space Science Reviews, Volume 74, Issue 1-2, pp. 215-223

Computer Science

Space, Adr, Magnetic Cooling, Paramagnetic Materials

Scientific paper

Space worthy refrigeration capable of providing a 100 mK and below heat load sink for bolometric detectors will be required for the next generation of sub-millimetre space missions. Adiabatic demagnetisation refrigeration (ADR), being a gravity independent laboratory method for obtaining such temperatures, is a favourable technique for utilisation in space. We show that by considering a 3 salt pill refrigerator rather than the classic single salt pill design the space prohibitive laboratory ADR properties of high magnetic field (6 Tesla) and a<2 K environment (provided by a bath of liquid4He) can be alleviated, while maintaining a sufficient low temperature hold time and short recycle time. The additional salt pills, composed of Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) provide intermediate cooling stages, enabling operation from a 4 K environment provided by a single 4 K mechanical cooler, thereby providing consumable free operation. Such ADRs could operate with fields as low as 1 Tesla allowing the use of high temperature, mechanically cooled superconducting magnets and so effectively remove the risk of quenching. We discuss the possibility of increasing the hold time from 3 hours, for the model presented, to between 40 and 80 hours, plus reducing the number of salt pills to two, through the use of a more efficient Garnet. We believe the technical advances necessitated by the envisaged ADRs are minimal and conclude that such ADRs offer a long orbital life time, consumable free, high efficiency means of milli-Kelvin cooling, requiring relatively little laboratory development.

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