Absolute brightness temperature measurements at 3.5-mm wavelength

Details Absolute brightness temperature measurements at 3.5-mm wavelength Absolute brightness temperature measurements at 3.5-mm wavelength

May 1980

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1980itap...28..367u&link_type=abstract

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. AP-28, May 1980, p. 367-377. Research supported by the University of Texas,

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

27

Brightness Temperature, Millimeter Waves, Parabolic Reflectors, Planetary Radiation, Radio Astronomy, Solar Flux Density, Superheterodyne Receivers, Atmospheric Attenuation, Calibrating, Dicke Radiometers, Elevation Angle, Jupiter (Planet), Radio Telescopes, Saturn (Planet), Standing Wave Ratios, Venus (Planet)

Scientific paper

Careful observations have been made at 86.1 GHz to derive the absolute brightness temperatures of the sun (7914 + or - 192 K), Venus (357.5 + or - 13.1 K), Jupiter (179.4 + or - 4.7 K), and Saturn (153.4 + or - 4.8 K) with a standard error of about three percent. This is a significant improvement in accuracy over previous results at millimeter wavelengths. A stable transmitter and novel superheterodyne receiver were constructed and used to determine the effective collecting area of the Millimeter Wave Observatory (MWO) 4.9-m antenna relative to a previously calibrated standard gain horn. The thermal scale was set by calibrating the radiometer with carefully constructed and tested hot and cold loads. The brightness temperatures may be used to establish an absolute calibration scale and to determine the antenna aperture and beam efficiencies of other radio telescopes at 3.5-mm wavelength.

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