A Wide-Field High-Redshift Galaxy Cluster Survey

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We propose to use the CTIO 4m + MOSAIC to conduct an efficient and unique, 2-color (z' and R) imaging survey of 50 deg^2. In conjunction with an equivalent survey already underway at the CFHT, we will create the largest sample of rich galaxy clusters up to z 1.4. The number density of clusters as a function of richness and z will provide a non-degenerate measurement of the cosmological parameters Ω_m and σ_8. The survey will also allow the study of cluster galaxy evolution with a well-defined sample up to z=1.4. We estimate that we will find 20-100 rich (Abell Class ≥1) z$> 0.5 clusters in the CTIO component of the survey, dependent on cosmology. Our proposed search algorithm, designed specifically for these observations, uses the red sequence as a direct marker of clusters. This is a fundamentally new approach. Extensive testing of this algorithm on 2-color data simulated to the depth we propose to obtain shows that we can virtually eliminate the problem of projection, and can also estimate the redshift of the clusters with a precision of (Delta) z 0.05. With estimated redshifts for the clusters, we will measure properties such as richness, luminosity function, blue fraction, and red sequence, of the clusters directly from these data (using statistical background correction methods), to achieve our scientific goals. The combined survey will be 6× larger (and observationally much cheaper) than the NOAO DEEP survey - the only general survey currently underway which has similar sensitivity to high-z clusters.

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