A Three-dimensional Outer Magnetospheric Gap Model for Gamma-Ray Pulsars: Geometry, Pair Production, Emission Morphologies, and Phase-resolved Spectra

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Gamma Rays: Theory, Stars: Pulsars: General, Stars: Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

A three-dimensional pulsar magnetosphere model is used to study the geometry of outer magnetospheric gap accelerators, following seminal work of Romani and coworkers. The size of the outer gap is self-consistently limited by pair production from collisions of thermal photons from polar cap heating of backflow outer gap current with curvature photons emitted by gap-accelerated charged particles. In principle, there could be two topologically disconnected outer gaps. Conditions for local pair production such as local field line curvature, soft X-ray density, electric field, etc., support pair production inside an outer gap only between rin(φ) (the radius of the null surface at azimuthal angle φ) and rlim(φ)~6rin(φ=0)<

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