A thermochemical study of vaterite

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Vaterite is shown to be unstable with respect to calcite at 25°C by measurements of the enthalpies of solution in 0·1 N HCl under 0·97 atm CO 2 and the solubilities in water under 0·97 atm CO 2 of the two polymorphs. For a pure, synthetic vaterite H ( tr ) = -1036 ±16 cal mol -1 and G ( tr ) = -790 ± 25 cal mol -1 for the transition to calcite. For other vaterites aged longer during preparation H ( tr ) is smaller and shows a linear relationship with the X-ray line broadening which extrapolates to H ( tr ) = -545 ± 30 cal mo -1 for zero broadening. The use of X-ray line broadening as a measure of crystal imperfection and stability is discussed for various synthetic and natural vaterites.

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