A Systematic Study on Solar Sources of Major Geomagnetic Storms from 1996 to 2005

Details A Systematic Study on Solar Sources of Major Geomagnetic Storms from 1996 to 2005 A Systematic Study on Solar Sources of Major Geomagnetic Storms from 1996 to 2005

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agufmsh21b..06z&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #SH21B-06

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

7500 Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy, 7513 Coronal Mass Ejections (2101), 7536 Solar Activity Cycle (2162), 7900 Space Weather, 7954 Magnetic Storms (2788)

Scientific paper

We present the progress on a systematic study on solar sources of major geomagnetic storms during the 23rd solar cycle - supported by NASA LWS TR&T program.. During the period from 1996 to 2005, there are 90 major geomagnetic storms, selected as Dst index peak less than -100 nT. The overall drivers of geomagnetic storms are found to fall into three categories: (1) S-type, by single CME/ICME, (2) M-type, by multiple CMEs/ICMEs, where the multiple CMEs interact in the interplanetary space forming complex flow when they intercept the Earth, (3) C-type, by CIR (corotating interaction region) originated from the coronal hole. The three types of drivers are about 58%, 30% and 12%, respectively. The solar surface sources of the drivers have apparent east-west asymmetry and north-south asymmetry, depending on the solar cycle, even though the occurrence of the halo CMEs is symmetry in longitude and latitude. For each S-type ICME, we calculate its linear size, time period and total energy input to the magnetosphere. Both the ICME itself and the shock sheath driven by ICME contribute to the geo-effectiveness. We have quantified their respective energy inputs. The solar origins of the geo-effective southward magnetic field will also be discussed.

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