Other
Scientific paper
Aug 1997
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997phdt........16c&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PHD). UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE , Source DAI-B 58/02, p. 772, Aug 1997, 121 pages.
Other
Cosmic Rays, Muons, Neutrinos, Wimp
Scientific paper
A study was done to understand an excess in the number of extensive air showers above zenith angles greater than 65o. A number of possible explanations for the excess exist, including showers from smaller zenith angles whose fit gave larger zenith angles, changes in primary cosmic-ray composition near the knee, secondary showers from muon bremsstrahlung, and extensive air showers from neutrinos. To examine the quality of the fit for large-zenith-angle showers, coincident muons in LAMPF experiment E225's flash chamber were studied with extensive air showers detected with the CYGNUS array. A sample of these showers showed deviations of a few degrees in fit zenith angles. In addition, simulated data was fit using the ordinary CYGNUS reconstruction programs. This showed that a set of cuts could be imposed on the data to ensure good angular fits. In order to study the effects of changing composition on the excess, CYGNUS triggers were simulated with a variety of primary types. These showers were weighted to fit other primary cosmic-ray compositions and then compared to the real data. The large-zenith-angle data (Θ >45o) showed no agreement with any of the composition models. Examination of the integral shower size rate and the average muon and shower size showed more agreement with muon bremsstrahlung. Extensive air showers due to neutrinos were also considered. A detailed simulation was written to determine their characteristics, and, in particular, to understand the array's response to them (i.e. triggers). This was also used to set limits on the diffuse neutrino flux above 10 TeV and the flux of neutrinos due to WIMP annihilation in the Sun.
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