A search for SiO, OH, CO and HCN radio emission from silicate-carbon stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Abundance, Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, Carbon Stars, Radio Astronomy, Radio Emission, Radio Spectra, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Spectra, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Carbon Monoxide, Cosmic Dust, Hydrocyanic Acid, Hydroxyl Radicals, Line Spectra, Silicon Oxides, Stellar Composition

Scientific paper

We report upper limits for radio emission of SiO at 86 and 43 GHz, of OH at 1612 and 1665/1667 MHz, of CO at 115 GHz and HCN at 88.6 GHz in the silicate-carbon stars. These upper limits of SiO imply that oxygen-rich material has not been detected within 2Rstar of a central star even though the detected emission from silicate dust grains, H2O and OH maser establishes the presence of oxygen-rich material from about tens to thousands of AU of a central star. The upper limit of the SiO abundance is consistent with that found in oxygen-rich envelopes. Upper limits of the mass loss rate (based on the CO data) are estimated to be between 10-6 to 10-7 solar mass/yr assuming a distance of 1.5 kpc for these stars. The absence of HCN microwave emission implies that no carbon-rich material can be detected at large distances (thousands of AU) from a central star. The lack of detections of SiO, CO, and HCN emission is most likely due to the large distances of these stars. A number of C stars were detected in CO and HCN, but only the M supergiant VX Sgr was detected in CO.

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