A search for periods longer than 5.6 days in the optical spectrum of HDE 226868 = Cygnus X-1

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Astronomical Spectroscopy, Binary Stars, Periodic Variations, Visible Spectrum, X Ray Sources, Absorption Spectra, Power Spectra, Radial Velocity

Scientific paper

An examination is conducted of optical spectra of HDE 226868 for evidence of the recently discovered 294 day X-ray and light period. Power spectra of the radial velocity residuals indicate no periodic signals with semiamplitude K greater than 10 km/s (99 percent confidence level) in the range 2-2000 days. The power at the 294 day period and several other related periods is well below this limit. A search was conducted for absorption-line depth variations which might result from the 294 day modulation of an extra continuum light source in the system with inconclusive results. The mass of a hypothetical third body, orbiting with a 294 day period, must be less than 1.4 solar masses. The 294 day period is significantly shorter than the spin precessional cycle predicted for HDE 226868.

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