A Search For Lyman-alpha Halos Around Lyman-alpha Emitters At Z=2 And Z=3

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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In the high-redshift universe, galactic inflows and outflows are ubiquitous, and it is expected that many galaxies will be surrounded by large amounts of neutral hydrogen. Recently Steidel et al. (2011) has presented evidence in support of this hypothesis, via the detection of large ( 80 kpc) diffuse Lyman-alpha emitting halos in a sample of z 2.6 Lyman-break galaxies. Presumably, this Lyman-alpha emission is due to resonant scattering within the neutral circum-galactic medium. To further investigate this phenomenon, we have stacked the images of the z 2.1 and z 3.1 Ly-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) identified in the wide-field surveys of Gronwall et al. (2007), Guaita et al. (2010) and Ciardullo et al. (2011). We show that to perform such a co-addition, attention must be paid to both the systematics of flat-fielding and the contribution of the extended point spread function, and that obtaining the true surface brightness limits of a stacked image requires careful modeling. Our preliminary analysis of 233 LAEs at z 3.1 and 208 galaxies at z 2.1 yields no evidence for the existence of diffuse Ly-alpha surrounding these low-luminosity objects. We discuss the implications for this null result and speculate on the possible systematic luminosity dependence of the neutral envelopes.

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