A Radial Velocity Survey for Exoplanets Orbiting L-dwarf Stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We report first results from our efforts to conduct precise, multi-epoch radial-velocity measurements of nearby very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. Our technique employs the telluric methane features at 2.3 microns, which overlie carbon monoxide and water spectral features in the target, to correct for instrumental drift. We create a parameterized model of each observed spectrum that is based on theoretical L-dwarf spectra and that accounts for changes in the spectrograph wavelength solution and point spread function, and provides an estimate of the target radial velocity and rotational broadening. We apply this technique to L-dwarf spectra obtained with Gemini/PHOENIX and demonstrate a precision sufficient to detect Jupiter-mass companions in short-period orbits around these low-mass primaries. Application of this method to next-generation infrared spectrographs is a promising means to infer the presence of Earth-mass planets orbiting within the habitable zones of the lowest-mass stars.

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