Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2002-10-03
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 124001
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
20 pages, 7 figures, to appear in The Physical Review D
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.124001
We examine, from both a qualitative and a numerical point of view, the evolution of Kantowski--Sachs cosmological models whose source is a mixture of a gas of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP's) and a radiative gas made up of a ``tightly coupled'' mixture of electrons, baryons and photons from the end of nucleosynthesis up to the duration of radiative interactions. In this cosmic era annihilation processes are negligible, while the WIMP's only interact gravitationally with the radiative gas and the latter behaves as a single dissipative fluid that can be studied within a hydrodynamical framework. Applying the full transport equations of Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics, coupled with the field and balance equations, we obtain a set of governing equations that becomes an autonomous system of ordinary differential equations once the shear viscosity relaxation time is specified; assuming the latter to be proportional to the Hubble time, the qualitative analysis indicates that models begin in the radiation dominated epoch close to an isotropic equilibrium point. We show how the relaxation time governs the relaxation of the models towards an equilibrium photon entropy, leading to ``near-Eckart'' and transient regimes associated with `abrupt' and `smooth' relaxation processes, respectively. Assuming the WIMP particle to be a super-symmetric neutralino of a 100$ GeV, the numerical analysis reveals that a physically plausible evolution, compatible with a stable equilibrium state and with observed bounds on CMB anisotropies and neutralino abundance, is only possible for models characterized by initial conditions associated with nearly zero spatial curvature and total initial energy density very close to unity.
Antonio Sarmiento G.
Coley Alan A.
Sussman Roberto A.
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