A non-rotating origin on the instantaneous equator - Definition, properties and use

Computer Science

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Celestial Reference Systems, Earth Rotation, Equators, Coordinate Transformations, Nutation, Precession

Scientific paper

The nonrotating origin (NO) on the instantaneous equator has been conceptually defined in an effort to provide an exact and clear description of the earth's rotation. Although the NO cannot be directly observed, the motion of the NO in the Celestial Reference System (CRS) depends simply and solely on the motion of the rotation pole which is observable, and its position can therefore be computed in the CRS at any date. This concept applied to the Terrestrial Reference System clarifies the definition of the origin of the longitudes in the moving equator and reveals some terms due to the Chandler motion which may not be negligible if a precision of 0.0001 arcsec in the earth's angle of rotation is required. In addition, the concept of the NO makes it possible to give a simple and invariable definition of universal time as an angle proportional to the angle which exactly expresses the motion of the earth around its rotation axis.

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