A New Sample Of "Normal" X-ray Emitting Galaxies

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Scientific paper

We have selected a new sample of X-ray emitting galaxies from the 2XMM X-ray and the SDSS DR6 optical catalogues. Our selection criteria require low X-ray luminosity (LX< 1042 erg s-1), low X-ray/optical flux ratios (log (fX/fopt) < -1) and galaxy morphology in the SDSS, plus absence of broad emission lines in the SDSS spectra (ie we include only narrow line and absorption line galaxies). These selection criteria exclude most luminous AGN and allow us to study a large sample of galaxies expected to be dominated by various types of "normal” galaxies (but of course will include significant numbers of low luminosity AGN).
In this paper we present the results from our sample which consists of a total of 470 X-ray emitting galaxies. We use optical line ratios, optical colours and X-ray hardness ratios and other indicators such as the correlation between emission line fluxes and X-ray flux to classify the galaxies and to constrain the underlying X-ray emission mechanisms. We find that a surprisingly small fraction of the sample are consistent with non-AGN galaxy X-ray emission (eg integrated emission from X-ray binaries, starburst winds or hot gas halos of elliptical galaxies). The properties of a much larger fraction of the sample are in fact consistent with being AGN-powered, or having a significant AGN component. These results have implications for estimates of the luminosity function of normal galaxies. We also investigate the properties of the large new sample of Sy 2 galaxies and other types of low luminosity AGN provided by this work.

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