A new method of estimating the mass-to-light ratio of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy

Details A new method of estimating the mass-to-light ratio of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy A new method of estimating the mass-to-light ratio of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy

2003-01-31

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0301638v1

Astrophys.J. 586 (2003) L123-L126

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

13 pages (including two figures). Accepted for publication in ApJLett

Scientific paper

10.1086/374858

Dwarf satellite galaxies undergo strong tidal forces produced by the main galaxy potential. These forces disturb the satellite, producing asymmetries in its stellar distribution, tidal tail formation, and modifications of the velocity dispersions profiles. Most of these features are observed in the Ursa Minor (UMi) dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which is one of the closest satellites of the Milky Way. These features show that UMi is been tidally disrupted and probably not in virial equilibrium. The high velocity dispersion of UMi could also be a reflection of this tidal disruption and not the signature of the large dark matter content that would be deduced if virial equilibrium is assumed. In order to avoid the uncertainty produced when virial equilibrium is assumed in systems in strong tidal fields, we present a new method of calculating the mass-to-luminosity ratio of disrupted dwarf galaxies. This method is based on numerical simulations and only takes into account the shape of the dwarf density profile and the tidal tail brightness, but does not depend on the kinematics of the dwarf. Applying this method to UMi, we obtain a mass-to-luminosity relation of 12, which is lower than the value obtained assuming virial equilibrium (M/L=60). In addition, if UMi has a large dark-matter content, it will be impossible to reproduce a tidal tail as luminous as the one observed.

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