A New Analytical Model for Trans-Relativistic Particle Acceleration

Statistics – Applications

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Most existing analytical models describing the second-order Fermi acceleration of relativistic particles due to collisions with MHD waves assume that the injected seed particles are already highly relativistic, despite the fact that the most prevalent source of particles is usually the local thermal background, which is typically a non-relativistic gas. This presents a problem because the momentum dependence of the momentum diffusion coefficient describing the interaction between the particles and the MHD waves is qualitatively different in the non-relativistic and highly relativistic limits. Since the existing analytical models are not able to address this situation, workers have had to rely on numerical simulations to obtain particle spectra describing the trans-relativistic case. In this work we present the first analytical solution to the global, trans-relativistic problem, obtained by using a hybrid form for the momentum diffusion coefficient, given by the sum of the two asymptotic forms. The model also incorporates the appropriate momentum dependence for the particle escape timescale, and the effect of synchrotron and inverse-Compton losses, which are critical for establishing the location of the high-energy cutoff in the particle spectrum. The results can be used to model the acceleration of particles in AGN and solar environments, and can also be used to compute the spectra of the associated synchrotron and inverse-Compton emission. Applications of both types are discussed.

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