A new 1720 MHz OH outburst in V1057 CYG

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Hydroxyl Emission, Interstellar Masers, Main Sequence Stars, Protoplanets, Stellar Radiation, Circular Polarization, Hydrogen Clouds, Molecular Clouds, Planetary Radiation, Very Long Base Interferometry

Scientific paper

An outburst of maser emission in the 1720MHz line of OH has been detected from the FU Orionis type variable V1057 Cyg (Winnberg and Walmsley, IAU Circular No. 3364). We have monitored the outburst over a two month period subsequent to the initial detection and find that the strength of the maser has diminished by more than a factor of two over this time span. The general characteristics are very similar to those of the maser detected in 1973 (Lo and Bechis, 1973). A VLBI experiment at 1720 MHz between Jodrell Bank and Effelsberg shows that the separation in position between the right and left circularly polarised velocity components is 0.03±0.01. However, the maser spots themselves appear to have an angular size of the same order as the separation between them. From these data, we conclude that we are observing a cloud of approximately 20 AU in size situated at a distance of about 200 AU from the star V1057 Cyg. The maser outbursts were probably triggered by collisions between expanding shells ejected during the 1969-70 optical flare-up (Herbig, 1977) and the OH cloud. The observed circular polarisation of the masering lines is likely to be due to Zeeman effect and a magnetic field of ∼2 mG in the OH cloud is inferred. We estimate that the gas density is ∼108 cm-3 and hence that the mass of the OH cloud is of the same order of magnitude as the mass of the earth. We discuss the possibility that the OH emitting region is the extended atmosphere of a protoplanet.

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