A Nearly Universal Solar-Wind Magnetosphere Coupling Function Inferred from Ten Magnetospheric State Variables

Details A Nearly Universal Solar-Wind Magnetosphere Coupling Function Inferred from Ten Magnetospheric State Variables A Nearly Universal Solar-Wind Magnetosphere Coupling Function Inferred from Ten Magnetospheric State Variables

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agufmsm22a..03n&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #SM22A-03

Other

2704 Auroral Phenomena (2407), 2722 Forecasting (7924, 7964), 2736 Magnetosphere/Ionosphere Interactions (2431), 2740 Magnetospheric Configuration And Dynamics, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions

Scientific paper

We investigated whether one or a few coupling functions can represent best the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. Ten characterizations of the magnetosphere five from ground-based magnetometers, including Dst, Kp, AE, AU, and AL, and five from other sources, including auroral power (Polar UVI), cusp latitude and b2i (both DMSP), geosynchronous magnetic inclination angle (GOES), and polar cap size (SuperDARN) were correlated with more than 20 candidate solar wind coupling functions. A single coupling function, representing the rate magnetic flux is opened at the magnetopause, correlated best with 9 out of 10 indices of magnetospheric condition. This is dFMP/dt = v4/3BT2/3sin8/3(tc/2), calculated from (rate IMF field lines approach the magnetopause, v)(percent of IMF lines which merge, sin8/3(tc/2))(magnitude of magnetopause field, Bmp, v)(merging line length, (BT/Bmp)2/3). The merging line length is based on flux matching between the solar wind and a dipole field, and agrees with a superposed IMF on a vacuum dipole. The IMF clock angle dependence matches the merging rate reported at high altitude. The non-linearities of the magnetospheric response to BT and v are evident when the mean values of indices are plotted, as well as in the superior correlations from dFMP/dt. A wide variety of magnetospheric phenomena can ths be accurately predicted ab initio by just a single function, estimating the rate magnetic flux is opened on the dayside magnetopause. Across all state variables studied dFMP/dt accounts for about 57.2 percent of the variance, compared to 50.9 for EKL, and 48.8 for vBs. All data sets included thousands of points over many years, up to two solar cycles. The sole index which does not correlate best with dFMP/dt is Dst, which correlates best (r=0.87) with p1/2dFMP/dt. If dFMP/dt were credited with this success, its average score would be even higher.

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