A method for reconstructing the full vector velocity field in the gaseous disks of spiral galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Spiral Galaxies, Gas Dynamics, Radial Velocity, Velocity Distribution, Galactic Rotation, Density Wave Model, Fourier Transformation, Harmonic Analysis, Astronomical Models, Vortices, Galactic Structure

Scientific paper

A method is proposed for reconstructing the full vector velocity field (i.e., the three velocity components) in the gaseous disks of spiral galaxies from observed radial velocities. The method is based on Fourier analysis of the observed velocity field and interpretation of the resulting Fourier harmonics in the framework of a model accounting for motion in the spiral arms. The model is based on the concept of galactic spirals as density waves. The proposed method can be used to (1) find noncircular velocities associated with spiral-vortex structure; (2) find fundamental parameters for this structure, such as the angular rotational velocity, the corotation radius, and the location of giant anti-cyclones; (3) refine the rotation curves of galaxies by taking account of noncircular velocities in spiral density waves, which leads to a more precise determination of the mass distribution in the galaxies; and (4) refine parameters determining the galactic plane: inclination angle, location of the center of rotation, and the position angle of the major dynamical axis of the galaxy. Knowledge of the velocity field in spiral galaxies makes it possible to better understand galactic structures and mechanisms for their formation.

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