A Large Scale 12CO (J = 1 -- 0) Survey toward the Chamaeleon Region with NANTEN

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Ism: Clouds, Ism: Individual (Chamaeleon--Musca Dark-, Loud Complex), Ism: Molecules, Ism: Structure, Stars: Pre-Main Sequence

Scientific paper

We carried out a large-scale survey for molecular clouds in 12CO (J = 1 -- 0) emission toward the Chamaeleon region with the NANTEN 4-meter radio telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. The survey covered ~ 491 deg2 toward 284° <~ l <~ 320° and -34° <~ b <~ -6° at an 8' grid spacing. The total molecular mass in the observed area is estimated to be ~ 8300 Msolar. More than 60% of the total mass is concentrated in and around the previously known Cha I, II, and III dark clouds. Two cloud complexes having molecular hydrogen masses of ~ 430 Msolar and ~ 1300 Msolar, respectively, have been found at ~ 10° galactic-east of the Chamaeleon major clouds. We have identified a prominent filament extending from Cha I to the galactic-east direction, which is remarkably long (>~ 40 pc) compared with filamentary features found in other dark-cloud complexes. A correlation study between the CO distribution and isolated X-ray emitting T Tauri stars (TTSs) indicates that >~ 65% of the TTSs are located within 1 pc of the 12CO cloud boundaries. This suggests that low-density parental molecular gas still remains around the isolated TTSs, although the dense parts with density greater than 103 cm-3 have almost dissipated. This provides further support for the local formation of ``isolated'' T Tauri stars in small clouds.

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