Statistics
Scientific paper
Jan 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993phdt........55l&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PH.D.)--NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1993.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 54-02, Section: B, p
Statistics
Scientific paper
A three-dimensional heat-island model is established in the convection tank of the Fluid Modeling Facility, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Water is used as the working fluid. The model is capable of simulating the temperature and velocity fields induced by a low-aspect -ratio heat island in a calm and stably stratified environment. The convective circulation is turbulent and the Froude number is found to be the controlling parameter when Reynolds -number independence holds. The differences between low - and high-aspect-ratio plumes are discussed and two analytical models, the bulk convective model and the hydrostatic model, are developed for low-aspect-ratio plumes to predict the plume heights, heat-island intensities, and velocity distributions. An extensive and systematic study is conducted to study the heat-island-induced flow with different underlying surface heating rates, heat-island sizes, and different ambient temperature gradients. Different parameterizations and scalings for the heating process, stability effects, velocity fields, and turbulent characteristics are studied, as well as the limitations of the experimental technique. The experimental results are compared with field observations from several cities, previous numerical simulations, and predictions of the analytical models. Good agreement is found with proper convective scalings. The experimental results in their non-dimensional forms, including the thermal plume height, equilibrium height, flow-reversal height, heat-island intensity, the mean horizontal and vertical velocity distributions, and the statistics of temperature and velocity fluctuations, may be applied to any low-aspect -ratio thermal plumes.
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