A kinematic model for the development of the Afar Depression and its paleogeographic implications

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

6

Afar, Danakil, Basin Evolution, Underplate, Plume, Hadar, Hominid, Land Bridge, Climate Change

Scientific paper

The Afar Depression is a highly extended region of continental to transitional oceanic crust lying at the junction of the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the Ethiopian rifts. We analyze the evolution of the Afar crust using plate kinematics and published crustal models to constrain the temporal and volumetric evolution of the rift basin. Our reconstruction constrains the regional-scale initial 3D geometry and subsequent extension and is well calibrated at the onset of rifting (~20 Ma) and from the time of earliest documented sea-floor spreading anomalies (~6 Ma Red Sea; ~10 Ma Gulf of Aden). It also suggests the Danakil block is a highly extended body, having undergone between ~200% and ~400% stretch. Syn-rift sedimentary and magmatic additions to the crust are taken from the literature. Our analysis reveals a discrepancy: either the base of the crust has not been properly imaged, or a (plume-related?) process has somehow caused bulk removal of crustal material since extension began. Inferring subsidence history from thermal modeling and flexural considerations, we conclude subsidence in Afar was virtually complete by Mid Pliocene time. Our analysis contradicts interpretations of late (post 3 Ma) large (~2 km) subsidence of the Hadar area near the Ethiopian Plateau, suggesting paleoclimatic data record regional, not local, climate change. Tectonic reconstruction (supported by paleontologic and isotopic data) suggests that a land bridge connected Africa and Arabia, via Danakil, up to the Early to Middle Pliocene. The temporal constraints on land bridge and escarpment morphology constrain Afar paleogeography, climate, and faunal migration routes. These constraints (particularly the development of geographic isolation) are fundamentally important for models evaluating and interpreting biologic evolution in the Afar, including speciation and human origins.

No associations

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for scientists and scientific papers. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

A kinematic model for the development of the Afar Depression and its paleogeographic implications does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this scientific paper.

If you have personal experience with A kinematic model for the development of the Afar Depression and its paleogeographic implications, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and A kinematic model for the development of the Afar Depression and its paleogeographic implications will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFWR-SCP-O-1087979

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.