A Keck Spectroscopic Study of MS~1054--03 (z=0.83): Forming the Red Sequence

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Using a magnitude-limited, spectroscopic survey of the X-ray luminous galaxy cluster MS 1054-03, we isolate 153 cluster galaxies and measure MS1054's redshift and velocity dispersion to be z=0.8307±0.0004 and σ_z=1156±82 km s^{-1}. The absorption-line, post-starburst (``E+A''), and emission-line galaxies respectively make up 63±7%, 15±4%, and 23±4% of the cluster population. With photometry from HST/ACS, we find that the absorption-line members define an exceptionally tight red sequence over a span of ˜3.5 magnitudes in i_{775}: their intrinsic scatter in (V_{606}-i_{775}) color is only 0.048±0.008, corresponding to a (U-B)_z scatter of 0.041. Their color scatter is comparable to that of the ellipticals (σ_{Vi}=0.055±0.008), but measurably smaller than that of the combined E+S0 sample (σ_{Vi}=0.072±0.010). The color scatter of MS1054's absorption-line population is approximately twice that of the ellipticals in Coma; this difference is consistent with passive evolution where most of the absorption-line members (>75%) formed by z˜2, and all of them by z˜1.2.

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