Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 1986
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986amjs..286..361k&link_type=abstract
American Journal of Science (ISSN 0002-9599), vol. 286, May 1986, p. 361-389.
Mathematics
Logic
5
Asteroids, Biogeochemistry, Biological Evolution, Carbon Dioxide, Comets, Extinction, Impact, Air Water Interactions, Chemical Equilibrium, Marine Chemistry, Nitrogen Oxides, Phytoplankton, Sea Surface Temperature
Scientific paper
The effects of a large asteriod or comet impact on modern and ancient marine biospheres are analyzed. A hybrid model of the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle, which is capable of calculating the concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, ocean, and sedimentary rocks, is described. The differences between the Keir and Berger (1983) model and the hybrid model are discussed. Equilibrium solutions are derived for the preindustrial atmosphere/ocean system and for a system similar to that of the late Cretaceous Period. The model data reveal that globl darkening caused by a stratospheric dust veil could destroy the existing phytoplankton within a period of several weeks or months, nd the dissolution of atmospheric NO(x) compounds would lower the pH of ocean surface waters and release CO2 into the atmosphere. It is noted that the surface temperatures could be increased by several degrees and surface oceans would be uninhabitable for calcaerous organisms for approximately 20 years.
Kasting James F.
Pollack James B.
Richardson Steven M.
Toon Brian O.
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