A doughnut model of quasars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Gas Viscosity, Interstellar Gas, Quasars, Stellar Models, Toruses, Angular Momentum, Astrophysics, Black Holes (Astronomy), Space Plasmas, Stellar Luminosity, Stellar Structure

Scientific paper

A model for quasars, which overcomes the problem with accretion disks of not knowing the correct viscosity, is proposed. One of the most studied scenarios involves an accretion disk in which the gas is heated by viscous processes so that it radiates energy and spirals slowly into the black hole as a result of the loss of energy and angular momentum. An alternative scenario in which the viscosity is small enough that viscous evolution does not occur and where the accreted gas has the same component of angular momentum along the rotation axis at all points in space, so that the gas forms a ring around the black hole, is described. The infalling gas deposits its energy in the ring, which then radiates predominantly in the near ultraviolet, and may result in the thermal peak which is well observed in 3C273 as well as in other quasars.

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