A Displacement Between the Nuclear Optical and Mid-Infrared Peaks in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068

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Scientific paper

The nucleus of NGC 1068 was observed at 12.4 microns using the Goddard Infrared Array Camera at the IRTF. By guiding the telescope on the optical nucleus and recording images with the infrared camera, a differential measurement was made between the positions of the optical and infrared nuclear peaks. Similar measurements were made on three nearby infrared-emitting stars, allowing corrections to be made for differential refraction and effects related to bending of the telescope or camera structures during tracking. The infrared peak is found to be 0.5 arcseconds (40 pc) +/- 0.2 arcseconds to the SW of the optical peak. This offset is interesting in light of recent evidence for a dense molecular torus around the central energy source in the nucleus. According to the torus model, the optical continuum emission is not viewed directly, but is seen through scattering by a cloud of electrons along the torus axis. The mid-infrared emission is believed to represent thermal emission from warm dust in the torus, which is heated by the optical-UV continuum from the nucleus. Thus our measurements confirm recent suggestions that the scattering zone is tens of parsecs from the nucleus (any scattering zone on the far side of the torus is presumably obscured by it). The mid-infrared peak is probably coincident with the luminous water vapor maser and the nuclear CO emission. The relationship of these components to the others - radio continuum, optical continuum and optical emission line - within 50 pc of the nucleus of NGC 1068 will be reviewed.

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