A direct observation of solar neutrons following the 0118 UT flare on 1980 June 21

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Gamma Ray Spectrometers, Neutron Spectra, Solar Corpuscular Radiation, Solar Flares, Solar Flux Density, Solar Maximum Mission, Solar Neutrons, Energetic Particles, Particle Acceleration, Photons, Spaceborne Astronomy, Temporal Resolution

Scientific paper

The Gamma Ray Spectrometer on the Solar Maximum Mission satellite has observed energetic solar neutrons (greater than 50 MeV) at the earth following a solar flare that occurred on the west limb on June 21, 1980 at 01:18:20 UT. Impulsive photon emission from 10 keV to greater than 65 MeV lasting over a period of about 66 s was followed by a transient flux of 50-600 MeV neutrons incident over a 17 minute period. The peak counting rate corresponds to an average flux at the earth of (3.8 + or - 0.6) x 10 to the -2nd neutrons/sq cm s at 130 MeV. These observations indicate the emission of 3 x 10 to the 28th neutrons/sr with energies greater than 50 MeV, requiring the rapid acceleration (much less than 60 s) of protons to GeV energies during the impulsive phase of the flare.

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