A Detailed Study of Spitzer-IRAC Emission in Herbig-Haro Objects

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Scientific paper

We have made a detailed analysis of Spitzer-IRAC images obtained toward six Herbig-Haro objects (HH 54/211/212, L 1157/1448, BHR 71). Our analysis includes comparisons in morphology between the four IRAC bands (3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 μm) and H2 1-0 S(1) at 2.12 μm measurements of spectral energy distributions (SEDs) at selected positions; and comparisons of these results with calculations of thermal H2 emission at LTE (207 lines in four bands) and non-LTE (32-45 lines, depending on the particles used for collisions). We show that, agreeing with some previous studies, the observed shocked emission is attributed to thermal H2 emission (T=1000-4000 K) at non-LTE or LTE, plus CO fundamental emission at 4-5 μm at high densities. The regions we analyzed do not show clear evidence for another contaminants proposed to date, such as H I, [Fe II], fluorescent H2 and PAH. The morphologies observed at 3.6 and 4.5 μm are similar to each other, and to H2 1-0 S(1), while the 5.8 and 8.0 μm emission shows different morphologies from the others in some regions. The latter appear to be more enhanced at the wakes in bow shocks, or less enhanced in patchy structures in the jet. These are explained by different critical densities and excitation temperatures for thermal H2 emission between four IRAC bands and 1-0 S(1). We show that the above study is useful for discriminating shocked emission from scattered continuum in outflow cavities, and for investigating interaction between the ejecta of jet flows and ambient gas.

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