A comparative study of the sunrise and sunset effects on the integrated field intensity of VLF atmospherics

Details A comparative study of the sunrise and sunset effects on the integrated field intensity of VLF atmospherics A comparative study of the sunrise and sunset effects on the integrated field intensity of VLF atmospherics

Sep 1995

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995angeo..13..976b&link_type=abstract

Annales Geophysicae, vol. 13, Issue 9, pp.976-980

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

1

Scientific paper

A comparative study is made of the stepped structure of atmospherics during sunrise and sunset hours at three harmonically related frequencies in the VLF band, observed at the coast of the Bay of Bengal. The occurrences of the steps, their duration, time sequence and amplitudes are critically examined. Our analysis reveals that the start times of the third and second steps of the sunrise effect are always before ground sunrise, while the start of the main step is distributed on both sides of it. During sunset hours, the onset time of the main step is before the local ground sunset, but for the second and third steps, the onset times are after that. The results are interpreted by considering the multi-hop propagation as well as the distributed noise sources surrounding the observing site. Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to Prof. A. K. Sen of the Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics, University of Calcutta for valuable discussions. One of the authors (R. B.) expresses thanks to the C.S.I.R., New Delhi for financial assistance. Our special thanks are due to the two referees of this paper for their valuable critical comments. The Eastern Centre for Research in Astrophysics (ECRA) is also acknowledged for financial support. The Editor-in-Chief thanks M. Cliverd and A. E. Reznikov for their help in evaluating this paper.--> Correspondence to: A. B. Bhattacharya-->

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