A Collisional Debris Trail Around the Virgo Elliptical M86

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Deep wide-field Hα+[NII] imaging around the giant elliptical galaxy M86, which is located in the core of the Virgo cluster, reveal a highly complex and disturbed ISM/ICM. This system may offer new understanding of the unrecognized role of gravitational interactions in the ISM heating of ellipticals. In particular, the most striking feature of M86's ionized emission is a set of Hα filaments which clearly connect M86 with the nearby disturbed spiral NGC 4438 (30'=130 kpc away), providing strong evidence for a previously unrecognized collision between them. Spectroscopy of selected regions show a smooth velocity gradient between M86 and NGC 4438, consistent with the collision scenario. Such a collision would impart significant energy into the ISM of M86, possibly heating the gas and acting to prevent the gas from cooling to form stars. We propose that cool gas stripped from NGC 4438 during the collision and deposited in its wake is heated by thermal conduction from the hot gaseous halo of M86, producing the warm ionized gaseous filaments. Some of the Hα filaments are associated with the well-known ridge of bright X-ray emission to the NW of the nucleus, suggesting that the collision is responsible for peculiarities of M86 previously ascribed to other effects.

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