A classification of fast quasi-periodic X-ray oscillators - Is 6 HZ a fundamental frequency?

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Classifying, Neutron Stars, Resonant Frequencies, Stellar Oscillations, X Ray Binaries, Periodic Variations, Radiant Flux Density, Stellar Models

Scientific paper

In a number of low-mass X-ray binaries different types of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are strictly related to different spectral states. It is demonstrated that nearly all observed QPOs can be grouped into two major classes: intensity-dependent QPOs with frequencies of 20 - 55 Hz associated with strong red noise occur on the "horizontal" spectral branch; the majority of QPOs, however, is found during "normal branch" behavior with very weak red noise and rather constant frequencies clustering around 6 Hz. The fact that the QPO frequency in this mode is stable and almost the same between different systems suggests a mechanism that can be described by fundamental physical properties of the neutron star and it's close environments. It is suggested here that on the normal branch the X-ray flux is modulated by a resonant density wave in the Eddington-limited accretion flow above the neutron star surface. This model is able to explain both the low value and the constancy of the QPO frequency as well as the absence of red noise in the normal branch.

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