A 19-Element L-band Focal Plane Array for Interference Mitigation with Auxiliary Reference Antenna on the Green Bank 20-meter Telescope

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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A fully-sampled, electrically small focal plane array (FPA) was installed on the 20 meter telescope at the Green Bank NRAO facility during the summer of 2007 to demonstrate adaptive beamforming for sensitivity optimization and interference mitigation in Radio Astronomy. The array consists of 19 dipoles tuned to 1600MHz, 0.25ë above a ground plane, spaced 0.6ë from each other. Synchronously-sampled voltages from all receivers are streamed to disk, then digitally filtered and complex-basebanded prior to spectrum analysis, electronic beamsteering, and square-law detection in post-processing. A 3.6m reference antenna is set up to obtain a high-gain reference copy of interferer data for higher interferer-to-noise ratio measurements. Experiments study multiple beam formation and spatial interference cancellation using common beamformers such as LCMV and Max-SNR adapted to a parabolic reflector. Antenna test range measurements show significant effects of mutual coupling on individual element beampatterns with a closely-packed array. Preliminary results of interference mitigation will also be presented. This work is supported by a grant from the Nation Science Foundation, AST-0352705 "RFI Mitigation for Radio Astronomy with Emphasis on Array Feeds" and by the National Science Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates program at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.

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