Nonlinear Sciences – Pattern Formation and Solitons
Scientific paper
2002-08-12
Nonlinear Sciences
Pattern Formation and Solitons
4 pages, presented to the 5th International School/Conference 'Let's Face Chaos through Nonlinear Dynamics', Maribor, July 200
Scientific paper
10.1143/PTPS.150.415
The Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of a dilute gas of bosons is well described by the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation (3D GPE), that is a nonlinear Schrodinger equation. By imposing a transverse confinement the BEC can travel only in the cylindrical axial direction. We show that in this case the BEC with attractive interaction admits a 3D bright soliton solution which generalizes the text-book one, that is valid in the one-dimensional limit (1D GPE). Contrary to the 1D case, the 3D bright soliton exists only below a critical number of Bosons that depends on the extent of confinement. Finally, we find that the 3D bright soliton collapses if its density excedes a critical value. Our results are obtained by using a nonpolynomial Schrodinger equation (NPSE), an effective one-dimensional equation derived from the 3D GPE.
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