3-D Structure and Distance of the Planetary Nebula Hb5

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

The planetary nebula Hb5 is an object of complex morphology and is classified as a bipolar point-symmetric nebula. We have made a spectrophotometric map of Hb5 using multiple long slit spectra taken at the Observatorio do Pico dos Dias' 1.6 meter telescope in Brazil. We have used the spectra to create two-dimensional emission line images in 13 lines, from which we have determined the total fluxes, the Halpha/Hbeta extinction map, and the [SII] line ratio electron density map of the nebula. With these data as constraints, we have used a self-consistent 3-D photoionization code to determine the three-dimensional density structure and ionizing star characteristics. We have found a central star temperature of 2.3x105 K and luminosity of 6.0x103 Lsun, a total nebular size along the major axis of 0.4pc, and a central nebular density of 1.2x104cm-3. Our values show Hb5 to be more dense and the central star to be hotter and more luminous than previous studies of the nebula have indicated. We also have derived a distance of 1.4 +/- 0.3kpc, which is consistent with the average distance of 1.3kpc determined by statistical methods. Note that this distance does not suffer from the usual uncertainties due to filling factor, and constancy/sphericity assumptions as we determine the structure, line fluxes, distance, and central star properties in a self-consistent way. This research was funded as part of the NSF Research Experiences for Undergraduates program.

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