Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jan 1989
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1989gecoa..53..163m&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 53, Issue 1, pp.163-171
Mathematics
Logic
57
Scientific paper
Biological carbonates are built largely from CO 2 , which diffuses across the skeletogenic membrane and reacts to form HCO - 3 . Kinetic discrimination against the heavy isotopes 18 O and 13 C during CO 2 hydration and hydroxylation apparently causes most of the isotopic disequilibrium observed in biological carbonates. These kinetic isotope effects are expressed when the extracytosolic calcifying solution is thin and alkaline, and HCO - 3 precipitates fairly rapidly as CaCO 3 . In vitro simulation of the calcifying environment produced heavy isotope depletions qualitatively similar to, but somewhat more extreme than, those seen in biological carbonates. Isotopic equilibration during biological calcification occurs through CO 2 exchange across the calcifying membrane and by admixture ambient waters (containing HCO - 3 ) into the calcifying fluids. Both mechanisms tend to produce linear correlations between skeletal 13 C and 18 O.
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