The Frequency of S IV Broad Absorption Line Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

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We search a sample of 123 high redshift quasars (z>2.9), observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, in order to determine the frequency that objects contain outflow absorption troughs in their spectra from the high ionization resonance line of S IV (λ1063) and the metastable, excited line S IV* (λ1073). Of the 123 quasars, we find that 25 contain C IV Broad absorption Lines (BALs) and 4 objects with absorption from S IV and S IV* that cannot be due to Lyman α forest contamination due to their velocity widths (Δv>500 km/s) and excellent agreement between the S IV and S IV* trough profiles as well as those of other ions (e.g., C IV, N V, and Si IV). Thus, the fraction of quasars in our sample with C IV BALs is 0.20, and the fraction with S IV and S IV* absorption is 0.03, which provides a lower limit to the global covering of these outflows. Furthermore, we evaluate the expected frequency of S IV absorption in C IV absorption systems, and find that the observed detection rate is consistent with a similar global covering for the two ions.

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