Infrared Light Curves of Type Ia Supernovae

Mathematics – Logic

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Scientific paper

For my Astronomy Ph.D. thesis at Harvard University, I used the PAIRITEL 1.3m robotic telescope at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mt. Hopkins, Arizona to observe Near-Infrared (NIR) JHKs band light curves of over 100 Type Ia Supernovae (SN Ia) in nearby galaxies, compiling a data set that will more than quintuple the number of NIR SN Ia light curves in the literature. With this data, we confirm and strengthen the claim that SN Ia are more standard in NIR luminosity, less sensitive to dust extinction, and crucial to reducing systematic distance errors due to the degeneracy between intrinsic color variation and reddening of light by dust, arguably the most dominant systematic error in SN Ia cosmology. Uncertainty in our knowledge of the distributions of host galaxy dust properties is a major obstacle to obtaining consistent dark energy constraints with different SN Ia cosmological analysis methods. As such, I develop a color curve model using optical and NIR data to estimate the most probable amount of dust extinction and the properties of the host galaxy dust for each SN Ia. Continuing a comprehensive ground based optical and NIR program to observe low redshift SN Ia is one of the best ways to improve the precision and accuracy of SN Ia as standardizeable candles and cosmological distance indicators moving forward. Such data will critically inform the design of the NASA/DOE Joint Dark Energy Mission, and indeed any future cosmology experiment designed to measure cosmic acceleration and dark energy with a sample of high redshift SN Ia. This work has been supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and a NASA GSRP Fellowship.

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