Probing the Martian atmosphere in the ultraviolet

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Abundance, Annual Variations, Atmospheric Attenuation, Atmospheric Chemistry, Mariner 9 Space Probe, Mars Atmosphere, Ozone, Ultraviolet Spectra, Ultraviolet Spectrometers, Atmospheric Temperature, Field Of View, Surface Temperature, Winter

Scientific paper

Ozone is a key to understanding atmospheric chemistry on Mars. The O3 abundance has been inferred from UV spectra by several spacecraft, with the most complete coverage provided by Mariner 9. The Mariner 9 UV spectrometer scanned from 2100 to 3500 Angstroms in one of its two spectral channels every 3 seconds with a spectral resolution of 15 Angstroms and an effective field-of-view of approximately 300 sq km. The only atmospheric absorption in the 2000 to 3000 Angstrom region was assumed to come from the Hardey band system of ozone, which has an opacity of order unity. Therefore, the amount of ozone was inferred by fitting this absorption feature with laboratory data of ozone absorption, as shown in Fig 1. Mars O3 shows strong seasonal and latitudinal variation, with column abundances ranging from 0.2 micron-atm at equatorial latitudes to 60 micron-atm over the northern winter polar latitudes (1 micron-atm is a column abundance of 2.689 x 1015 molecules cm-2. However, the O3 abundance is never great enough to significantly affect atmospheric temperatures or surface temperatures and frost budgets.

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