The radial intensity gradients for cosmic rays and the anomalous helium from Pioneer 10 and 11

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Cosmic Rays, Energy Spectra, Helium, Particle Flux Density, Spaceborne Astronomy, Particle Telescopes, Pioneer 10 Space Probe, Pioneer 11 Space Probe, Proton Energy, Radial Distribution

Scientific paper

This report extends and updates previous studies of the heliocentric radial gradients of the integral flux of cosmic rays (E greater than 70 MeV) and of differential fluxes of protons and helium nuclei in the approximate energy windows 11-20 and 30-70 MeV/n to include data taken through the end of 1978 when Pioneer 10 had reached a distance of 18 AU from the sun, and Pioneer 11 was at a distance of 8.4 AU. Small positive gradients are found for all species considered, although the actual values of the gradients may vary as a function of time. The data suggest that the modulation region has a radial extent large compared to 18 AU. The anomalous helium component was observed at all radial distances, and is found to have a much higher flux in the outer solar system than near 1 AU.

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