Electron density models of the ionosphere

Details Electron density models of the ionosphere Electron density models of the ionosphere

Aug 1978

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978rvgsp..16..341k&link_type=abstract

Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, vol. 16, Aug. 1978, p. 341-354. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Computer Science

Sound

6

Atmospheric Models, Electron Density Profiles, Ionospheric Electron Density, Ionospheric Sounding, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Cycles, Critical Frequencies, Ionograms, Rocket Sounding, Satellite Observation

Scientific paper

Electron-density data show a strong variation in space, time, and geophysical conditions. Empirical models were established to describe this space-time variation over an 11-year solar cycle. International reference profiles provide electron densities in the altitude range 54-1000 km at specific locations and times. Global variations of the F2, F1, and E layers were mapped for long-term predictions of ionospheric characteristics. On the basis of these analyses, several models of the bottomside ionosphere were constructed covering the whole altitude range down to the D layer. Since the advent of ionospheric satellites the models are being extended to higher altitudes. Three models contain the height interval from approximately 100 to 1000 km and are presently among the most general setups available. A similar model was recently developed which covers the altitude range from about 60 to 3500 km and is based upon rocket data, ionograms, and satellite observations. A comparison of the latter models shows a reasonable agreement despite their different analytical and observational foundations.

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