Observation of Birkeland currents with the TRIAD satellite

Details Observation of Birkeland currents with the TRIAD satellite Observation of Birkeland currents with the TRIAD satellite

Sep 1978

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978ap%26ss..58..207p&link_type=abstract

Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 58, no. 1, Sept. 1978, p. 207-226. Navy-NSF-supported research.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

3

Auroras, Birkeland Currents, Geomagnetism, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Ionospheric Currents, Satellite Observation, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Earth Magnetosphere, Lower Ionosphere, Magnetic Disturbances, Polar Regions, Spatial Distribution

Scientific paper

The large-scale average properties of Birkeland currents determined from observations with the vector magnetometer aboard the low-altitude polar-orbiting TRIAD satellite are reviewed. These include the location, flow directions, and intensities of Birkeland currents in the auroral and polar regions, as well as their relationship to optical and radar auroral forms and to geomagnetic and interplanetary-magnetic-field variations. The TRIAD magnetometer measurements are discussed, the average spatial distribution of large-scale Birkeland currents in the northern high-latitude region is summarized, and the currents are shown to be concentrated in two principal areas which encircle the geomagnetic pole. The flow pattern over the south polar regions is also examined, and evidence is cited for locating the source of large-scale Birkeland currents in the equatorial plane and plasma sheet. Driving mechanisms for the large-scale Birkeland currents are considered.

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