The water molecule in comets - Fluorescence mechanisms and thermodynamics of the inner coma

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Cometary Atmospheres, Fluorescence, Molecular Excitation, Thermodynamics, Water, Comets, Emission Spectra, Infrared Spectra, Line Spectra, Microwave Spectra, Molecular Collisions, Solar Activity Effects, Solar Radiation, Vibrational Spectra, Comets, Water, Fluorescence, Thermodynamics, Comae, Observations, Infrared, Microwaves, Emissions, Optical Properties, Thickness, Thermal Properties, Cooling, Rotation, Radiation, Temperature

Scientific paper

Computations are made for the excitation mechanisms of water in the cometary atmosphere, in order to determine the line emission intensities of H2O in the radio, submillimeter and medium infrared ranges. An analysis is also made of the thermodynamic characteristics of H2O in comets. It is found that a radiative transfer model will be needed to determine the rotational population distribution and the line-by-line fluorescence rates for H2O, since most of the rotational transitions are optically thick in the inner coma, and may be excited only by radiation trapping effects in a limited region of the medium coma. Measurements of cooling rates in areas outside of the nucleus were found to be lower than previously estimated, but with respect to temperature decreases from the coma to the nucleus, previous measurements were found to be accurate. At 60 km from the nucleus temperature decreases to 15 K.

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