Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011iaus..280e..44l&link_type=abstract
The Molecular Universe, Proceedings of the 280th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union held in Toledo, Spain, May 30
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
The conditions in space are extreme and definitely not in favour of chemical processes: temperatures are low, radiation fields are intense and particle densities are exceedingly small. Nevertheless, more than 160 different molecular species have been identified in star-forming regions. These comprise both small and complex species as well as stable and transient molecules and are the result of a complex chemical evolution. Today, astrochemists explain the chemical complexity as the cumulative outcome of gas, grain and gas-grain interactions. Gas phase models explain the observed abundances of many radical species, but it is not possible to explain the presence of many stable and organic compounds through gas phase reactions only. In the last years exciting new evidence has been found that icy dust grains in space act as catalytic sites for molecule formation. Thermal and vacuum-ultraviolet processing as well as atom-bombardment of inter- and circumstellar ices trigger a fascinating ice chemistry. The ongoing process in laboratory based solid state astrochemistry now makes it possible to understand how new species can be formed on dust particles. This talk will review recent process and new techniques and show how dedicated laboratory experiments contribute to the understanding of the chemistry of the heavens.
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