The neutral lines of the large-scale magnetic field and sunspot cycle

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Sun: Global Solar Cycle, Magnetic Fields, Neutral Lines

Scientific paper

H-alpha magnetic charts describe real structures of the solar magnetic fields with their topological properties. There are a few morphological characteristics to describe this topology, among them are the length of the magnetic neutral lines, l(φ,θ). The total length of the neutral lines on the H-alpha charts, L = Σ02πl(φ,θ) as a new index of solar activity was calculated for 1915-1999. It was shown that L(t) reaches maximum in a top of cycle and it has minimum in absence of sunspots. The value L(t) was increased by 1.3 since 1915 up to 1999. It was found that the index K(t) = L-1(t) - < L-1(t) > in the minimum of the cycle seems to be in good agreement with the sunspot areas of the next sunspot cycle. It was shown that the index K(t) and Wolf numbers, W(t), are in antiphase and the maximum of K(t) precedes to one of W(t) with shift-time 5.5 yrs. It means that the large-scale magnetic fields are primary regarding the sunspot magnetic fields and they do not result from the dispersal and transport of old active region magnetic fluxes. New index of solar activity, K(t), may be used in the periods of absence of sunspots, as a deepest minimum of K(t) was observed before the highest sunspot cycle.

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