Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Apr 2003
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003aps..apr.h9002f&link_type=abstract
American Physical Society, April Meeting, 2003, April 5-8, 2003 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, MEETING ID: APR03, abstract #H9.002
Mathematics
Logic
Scientific paper
The measured distances of type Ia (hydrogen-deficient) supernovae as a function of redshift (z) have shown that the expansion of the Universe is currently accelerating, probably due to the presence of repulsive dark energy (X) such as Einstein's cosmological constant (Λ). Combining our data with existing measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation and with the results of large-scale structure surveys, we find a best fit for ΩM and ΩX of about 0.3 and 0.7, respectively. Other studies (e.g., masses of clusters of galaxies) suggest that the matter density ΩM ≈ 0.3. The sum of the densities, ˜ 1.0, agrees with the value predicted by most inflationary models for the early Universe: the Universe is flat on large scales. A number of possible systematic effects (dust, supernova evolution) thus far don't seem to eliminate the need for ΩX > 0. Most recently, analyses of supernovae at z = 1.0-1.7 provide further support for acceleration. We are now in the process of measuring 200 supernovae with z = 0.2-0.8, to determine the equation of state of the dark energy, wX = P/(ρ c^2).
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