Statistics
Scientific paper
Dec 1987
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987phdt........33v&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PH.D.)--UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, 1987.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 48-06, Section: B, page: 1726
Statistics
Scientific paper
An atomic mass is a simple uncomplicated number that contains everything we know and much that we don't know, about the nuclear Hamiltonian. Ground state masses manifest all interactions that contribute to nuclear binding. Features such as the finite range of the nuclear force, nuclear shell structure, and the macroscopic shape-dependent properties of nuclei were first identified from systematic studies of the nuclear mass surface. More specifically, studies of neutron-rich nuclei will help to test charge symmetry, nuclear pairing, and explore interesting nuclear structure effects such as the predicted existence of new magic numbers and deformations. Nuclear masses also serve as an important constraint for the nuclear mass theories and helps to refine these models whose predictive capabilities are essential to astrophysical calculations of the natural abundance of elements within the universe. This experiment utilized a new type of recoil spectrometer, called the Time-of-Flight-Isochronous (TOFI) spectrometer. Due to the isochronous property of this system, measurement of the ion's time of flight through the spectrometer provides a precise value of the mass-to -charge ratio. The charge state of the recoil was determined from additional measurements of the ion's energy and velocity. Consequently, the mass is determined from one fundamental high-precision measurement, the time of flight through the spectrometer. By taking advantage of the high-intensity 800 -MeV proton beam at LAMPF, sufficient statistics were accumulated to do simultaneous mass measurements of a whole set of light neutron-rich nuclei with accuracies of 100 to 900 keV. In this first experiment the masses of eight neutron -rich nuclei (^{19}C, ^{27-28}Ne, ^ {32-34}Al, ^{36} Si, and ^{37}P) were measured for the first time, and the masses of ^{20-21}N, ^{23 }O, ^{23-26}F, ^{28-30}Na, ^ {30-32}Mg were remeasured with comparable or improved accuracy. These measurements were compared to a variety of atomic mass models to test their predictive powers and to point out systematic deficiencies of these theories. No evidence for the sudden onset of prolate deformation at N = 20 as noted for ^{31 -32}Na is found from our measurements of ^{30-32}Mg and ^ {32-34}Al.
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